Update 1 (for German speakers mainly, but nice photos): Römerlager Hedemünden, for which I could not find a link before. Hat tip Adrian Murdoch.
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Both authors of the books in our upcoming book chats on the battle in the Teutoburg Forest, The Battle That Stopped Rome: Emperor Augustus, Arminius, and the Slaughter of the Legions in the Teutoburg Forest and Rome's Greatest Defeat: Massacre in the Teutoburg Forest, as well as the German book Die Schlacht im Teutoburger Wald: Arminius, Varus und das römische Germanien, discuss to a greater or lesser extent the Roman presence in Germania east of the Rhein in Augustan times (more on provincia later). Jona Lendering has useful pages on most of them on his Germania Inferior site map. I list them here more or less geographically, beginning closest to the Rhein and going east and south (the names are modern, the map image is from Jona's site, click to enlarge). Other than that, I found only German language sites.
Dorsten-Holsterhausen (livius.org)
Holsterhausen und die Rőmer (nice pics)
Haltern (livius.org)
Altertumskommission fűr Westfalen (scroll down to Haltern)
Oberaden (livius.org)
Altertumskommission fűr Westfalen (scroll down to Oberaden)
Römerlager Beckinghausen
Uferkastell (PDF, nice pics)
Anreppen (livius.org)
Kneblinghausen (livius.org)
Altertumskommission fűr Westfalen (scroll down to Kneblinghausen)
Waldgirmes (livius.org)
Rom and der Lahn, Sitemap
Lupia (Lippe River) (livius.org)
Marktbreit am Main (livius.org) is also mentioned.
Image at left: wooden sword, used for the training of soldiers, found in Oberaden. Westfälisches Römermuseum, Haltern. (Jona Lendering)
More images courtesy and © Jona Lendering:
Lippe near the Roman fortress discovered at Holsterhausen.
The river was wider in ancient times.
Haltern: Model of the "Hauptlager," Westfälisches Römermuseum.
The northwestern wall of the Roman fort at Kneblinghausen.
Waldgirmes, excavation of the western wall, in 2005.
